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OpenBase SQL is a database server application that provides high-speed access to structured data. SQL stands for Structured Query Language and is the mechanism by which client applications are able to communicate requests to a server that manages the data for the client. Most client-server databases have adopted the SQL standard because it lowers the network communication requirements between applications and databases. But while SQL databases may have the SQL language in common, they can differ in important ways.

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This article explains how to install the Microsoft ODBC Driver for SQL Server on Linux and macOS, as well as the optional Command-Line Tools for SQL Server (bcp and sqlcmd) and the unixODBC Development Headers.

Microsoft ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server

Important

If you installed the v17 msodbcsql package that was briefly available, you should remove it before installing the msodbcsql17 package. This will avoid conflicts. The msodbcsql17 package can be installed side by side with the msodbcsql v13 package.

Debian

RedHat Enterprise Server

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server

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Ubuntu

Note

• Driver version 17.2 or higher is required for Ubuntu 18.04 support.
• Driver version 17.3 or higher is required for Ubuntu 18.10 support.

MacOS

Microsoft ODBC Driver 13.1 for SQL Server

Debian 8

RedHat Enterprise Server 6

RedHat Enterprise Server 7

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

Ubuntu 15.10

Ubuntu 16.04

Ubuntu 16.10

OS X 10.11 (El Capitan) and macOS 10.12 (Sierra)

Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 for SQL Server

RedHat Enterprise Server 6

RedHat Enterprise Server 7

Ubuntu 15.10

Ubuntu 16.04

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

Offline installation

If you prefer/require the Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 to be installed on a computer with no internet connection, you will need to resolve package dependencies manually. The Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 has the following direct dependencies:

• Ubuntu: libc6 (>= 2.21), libstdc++6 (>= 4.9), libkrb5-3, libcurl3, openssl, debconf (>= 0.5), unixodbc (>= 2.3.1-1)
• Red Hat: glibc, e2fsprogs, krb5-libs, openssl, unixODBC
• SuSE: glibc, libuuid1, krb5, openssl, unixODBC

Each of these packages in turn has their own dependencies, which may or may not be present on the system. For a general solution to this issue, refer to your distribution's package manager documentation: Redhat, Ubuntu, and SUSE

It is also common to manually download all the dependent packages and place them together on the installation computer, then manually install each package in turn, finishing with the Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 package.

Redhat Linux Enterprise Server 7

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• Download the latest msodbcsql.rpm from here: https://packages.microsoft.com/rhel/7/prod/
• Install dependencies and the driver

Ubuntu 16.04

• Download the latest msodbcsql.deb from here: https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/16.04/prod/pool/main/m/msodbcsql/
• Install dependencies and the driver

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

• Download the latest msodbcsql.rpm from here: https://packages.microsoft.com/sles/12/prod/
• Install the dependencies and the driver

Once you have completed the package installation, you can verify that the Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 can find all its dependencies by running ldd and inspecting its output for missing libraries:

Microsoft ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server on Linux

Before you can use the driver, install the unixODBC driver manager. For more information, see Installing the Driver Manager.

Installation Steps

Important

These instructions refer to msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz, which is installation file for Red Hat Linux. If you are installing the Preview for SUSE Linux, the file name is msodbcsql-11.0.2260.0.tar.gz.

To install the driver:

1. Make sure that you have root permission.

2. Change to the directory where the download placed the file msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz. Make sure that you have the *.tar.gz file that matches your version of Linux. To extract the files, execute the following command, tar xvzf msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0.tar.gz.

3. Change to the msodbcsql-11.0.2270.0 directory and there you should see a file called install.sh.

4. To see a list of the available installation options, execute the following command: ./install.sh.

5. Make a backup of odbcinst.ini. The driver installation updates odbcinst.ini. odbcinst.ini contains the list of drivers that are registered with the unixODBC Driver Manager. To discover the location of odbcinst.ini on your computer, execute the following command: odbc_config --odbcinstini.

6. Before you install the driver, execute the following command: ./install.sh verify. The output of ./install.sh verify reports if your computer has the required software to support the ODBC driver on Linux.

7. When you are ready to install the ODBC driver on Linux, execute the command: ./install.sh install. If you need to specify an install command (bin-dir or lib-dir), specify the command after the install option.

8. After reviewing the license agreement, type YES to continue with the installation.

Installation puts the driver in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/11.0.2270.0. The driver and its support files must be in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/11.0.2270.0.

To verify that the Microsoft ODBC driver on Linux was registered successfully, execute the following command: odbcinst -q -d -n 'ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server'.

Use Existing MSDN C++ ODBC Samples for the ODBC Driver on Linux shows a code sample that connects to SQL Server using the ODBC driver on Linux.

Uninstalling

You can uninstall the ODBC driver 11 on Linux by executing the following commands:

1. rm -f /usr/bin/sqlcmd

2. rm -f /usr/bin/bcp

3. rm -rf /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql

4. odbcinst -u -d -n 'ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server'

Troubleshooting Connection Problems

If you are unable to make a connection to SQL Server using the ODBC driver, use the following information to identify the problem.

The most common connection problem is to have two copies of the UnixODBC Driver Manager installed. Search /usr for libodbc*.so*. If you see more than one version of the file, you (possibly) have more than one driver manager installed. Your application might use the wrong version.

Enable the connection log by editing your /etc/odbcinst.ini file to contain the following section with these items:

If you get another connection failure and do not see a log file, there (possibly) are two copies of the driver manager on your computer. Otherwise, the log output should be similar to the following:

If the ASCII character encoding is not UTF-8, for example:

There is more than one Driver Manager installed and your application is using the wrong one, or the Driver Manager was not built correctly.

For more information about resolving connection failures, see:

• The error number specified in the URL (11001) should be changed to match the error that you see.

Driver Files

The ODBC Driver on Linux and MacOS consists of the following components:

Linux

Component	Description
libmsodbcsql-17.X.so.X.X or libmsodbcsql-13.X.so.X.X	The shared object (so) dynamic library file that contains all of the driver's functionality. This file is installed in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/lib64/ for the Driver 17 and in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/lib64/ for Driver 13.
msodbcsqlr17.rll or msodbcsqlr13.rll	The accompanying resource file for the driver library. This file is installed in [driver .so directory]../share/resources/en_US/
msodbcsql.h	The header file that contains all of the new definitions needed to use the driver. Note: You cannot reference msodbcsql.h and odbcss.h in the same program. msodbcsql.h is installed in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/include/ for Driver 17 and in /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql/include/ for Driver 13.
LICENSE.txt	The text file that contains the terms of the End-User License Agreement. This file is placed in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ for Driver 17 and in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/ for Driver 13.
RELEASE_NOTES	The text file that contains release notes. This file is placed in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ for Driver 17 and in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/ for Driver 13.

MacOS

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Component	Description
libmsodbcsql.17.dylib or libmsodbcsql.13.dylib	The dynamic library (dylib) file that contains all of the driver's functionality. This file is installed in /usr/local/lib/.
msodbcsqlr17.rll or msodbcsqlr13.rll	The accompanying resource file for the driver library. This file is installed in [driver .dylib directory]../share/msodbcsql17/resources/en_US/ for Driver 17 and in [driver .dylib directory]../share/msodbcsql/resources/en_US/ for Driver 13.
msodbcsql.h	The header file that contains all of the new definitions needed to use the driver. Note: You cannot reference msodbcsql.h and odbcss.h in the same program. msodbcsql.h is installed in /usr/local/include/msodbcsql17/ for Driver 17 and in /usr/local/include/msodbcsql/ for Driver 13.
LICENSE.txt	The text file that contains the terms of the End-User License Agreement. This file is placed in /usr/local/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ for Driver 17 and in /usr/local/share/doc/msodbcsql/ for Driver 13.
RELEASE_NOTES	The text file that contains release notes. This file is placed in /usr/local/share/doc/msodbcsql17/ for Driver 17 and in /usr/local/share/doc/msodbcsql/ for Driver 13.

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Resource File Loading

The driver needs to load the resource file in order to function. This file is called msodbcsqlr17.rll or msodbcsqlr13.rll depending on the driver version. The location of the .rll file is relative to the location of the driver itself (so or dylib), as noted in the table above. As of version 17.1 the driver will also attempt to load the .rll from the default directory if loading from the relative path fails. The default resource file paths are:

Linux: /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/share/resources/en_US/

MacOS: /usr/local/share/msodbcsql17/resources/en_US/

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See Also